Treatment of prostate in men: what drugs to take

Prostatitisis an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.Frequent urination, pain in the genital organ, testicle, rectum, sexual disorders (erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, etc.), sometimes urinary retention, manifests itself in the form of blood in the urine.The diagnosis of prostatitis is made by a urologist or andrologist based on a typical clinical picture and the results of a rectal examination.In addition, an ultrasound examination of the prostate gland and an examination of prostate secretion and urine culture are performed.Treatment is conservative - antibacterial therapy, immunotherapy, prostate massage, lifestyle correction.

General information

Prostatitis is an inflammation of the seminal (prostate) gland - the prostate.It is the most common disease of the genitourinary system in men.It mostly affects patients aged 25-50.According to various reports, prostatitis affects 30-85% of men over 30 years of age.Possible abscess of the prostate gland, inflammation of the testicles and appendages, which threatens infertility.Increased infection causes inflammation of the upper parts of the genitourinary system (cystitis, pyelonephritis).

Pathology develops when an infectious agent enters the prostate tissue from the organs of the genitourinary system (urethra, bladder) or from a distant inflammatory site (pneumonia, flu, sore throat, furunculosis).

Causes of prostatitis

Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella and E. Coli can act as infectious agents in acute cases.Most microorganisms conditionally belong to the pathogenic flora and cause prostatitis only in the presence of other predisposing factors.Chronic inflammation is usually associated with polymicrobial communities.

The risk of developing the disease increases with hypothermia, a history of specific infections, and conditions accompanied by congestion in the prostate tissue.The following predisposing factors are identified:

• General hypothermia (one-time or permanent, related to work conditions).
• Sedentary lifestyle, profession that forces a person to be in a sedentary position for a long time (computer operator, driver, etc.).
• Constant constipation.
• Disturbances in the normal rhythm of sexual activity (excessive sexual activity, prolonged abstinence, incomplete ejaculation during "ordinary" sexual intercourse devoid of emotional manifestations).
• The presence of chronic diseases (cholecystitis, bronchitis) or chronic infectious foci (chronic osteomyelitis, untreated caries, tonsillitis, etc.) in the body.
• Past urological diseases (urethritis, cystitis, etc.) and sexually transmitted diseases (chlamydia, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea).
• Conditions that cause suppression of the immune system (chronic stress, irregular and poor nutrition, lack of regular sleep, excessive training in athletes).

Blockage in the prostate tissue plays a decisive role in the formation of prostatitis.Violation of capillary blood flow leads to increased lipid peroxidation, swelling, exudation of prostate tissue and creates conditions for the development of an infectious process.

Symptoms of prostatitis

Acute prostatitis

There are three stages of acute prostatitis, which are characterized by the presence of a certain clinical picture and morphological changes:

• Acute catarrh.Patients often complain of painful urination, pain in the sacrum and perineum.
• Acute follicular.The pain is stronger, sometimes radiating to the anus and intensifies during defecation.It is difficult to urinate, urine flows in a thin stream.In some cases, urinary retention is observed.Low-grade fever or moderate hyperthermia is characteristic.
• Acute parenchymal.Severe general intoxication, hyperthermia up to 38-40°C, shivering.Dysuric disorders, frequent acute urinary retention.Sharp, throbbing pain in perineum.Difficulty in defecation.

Chronic prostatitis

In rare cases, chronic prostatitis is the result of an acute process, but, as a rule, a chronic course is first observed.The temperature sometimes rises to a subfebrile level.The patient notes mild pain in the perineum, discomfort during urination and defecation.The most characteristic symptom is a small amount of discharge from the urethra during defecation.First of all, the chronic form of the disease develops over a significant period of time.Before this, prostatosis (blood stagnation in the capillaries) occurs, which gradually turns into abacterial prostatitis.

Chronic prostatitis is often a complication of the inflammatory process caused by a specific infection (chlamydia, trichomonas, ureaplasma, gonococcus).Symptoms of a specific inflammatory process in many cases hide the manifestations of prostate damage.There may be a slight increase in pain during urination, slight pain in the perineum, and a small amount of discharge from the urethra during defecation.A small change in the clinical picture often does not go unnoticed by the patient.

Chronic inflammation of the prostate gland can be manifested by a burning sensation in the urethra and perineum, dysuria, sexual dysfunction, and increased general fatigue.The result of potency disorders (or the fear of these disorders) is often mental depression, anxiety, and irritability.The clinical picture does not always include all groups of listed symptoms;it varies between different patients and changes over time.There are three main syndromes characteristic of chronic prostatitis: pain, dysuria, sexual disorders.

There are no pain receptors in prostate tissue.The cause of pain in chronic prostatitis is the almost inevitable involvement of nerve pathways in the inflammatory process due to the abundant innervation of the pelvic organs.Patients complain of pain of varying intensity - from mild pain to intense, restless sleep.There is a change in the nature of pain (increasing or weakening) during ejaculation, excessive sexual activity or sexual abstinence.The pain spreads to the scrotum, sacrum, perineum and sometimes the lower back.

In chronic prostatitis, as a result of inflammation, the volume of the prostate increases, compressing the urethra.The lumen of the ureter decreases.The patient often urges to urinate and feels that the bladder is not completely empty.As a rule, dysuric phenomena are expressed in the early stages.Then compensatory hypertrophy of the muscle layer of the bladder and ureters develops.During this period, symptoms of dysuria weaken, then increase again due to the decompensation of adaptation mechanisms.

In the initial stages, different patients may develop dyspotency, which manifests itself differently.Patients may often complain of nocturnal erection, loss of orgasm, or deterioration of erection.Accelerated ejaculation is associated with a decrease in the excitation threshold level of the orgasm center.Pain during ejaculation can cause refusal of sexual activity.Later, sexual dysfunctions manifest themselves more prominently.In the advanced stage, impotence develops.

The degree of sexual dysfunction is determined by many factors, including the sexual constitution and psychological state of the patient.Impotence and dysuria can be related to changes in the prostate gland, and if chronic prostatitis is diagnosed, the suggestion of the patient is to expect the inevitable development of sexual disorders and urinary tract disorders.Psychogenic dyspotency and dysuria are especially common in suggestive, anxious patients.

The threat of impotence and sometimes possible sexual disorders is difficult for patients to bear.Often there is a change of character, irritability, nervousness, excessive concern for one's own health and even "sickness".

Classification

There is no uniform classification of the disease in modern urology.However, practicing doctors prefer this option to classify the inflammatory process in the prostate:

According to the course of the disease:

• Acute prostatitis.It accounts for more than 50% of disease cases in people under the age of 30-35.
• Chronic selection.It is considered a non-age category.It does not show itself for a long time;the impetus for its development is a cold or infection.

For reasons that cause pathology:

• Bacterial inflammation of the prostate gland prevails in men up to 40 years old, occurs against the background of ultrasound and does not extend beyond the limits of the organ.
• Non-bacterial pathological changes in the gland are mostly chronic.
• Viral inflammation of the prostate is characterized by an acute course that affects the entire genital region.

According to the nature of structural changes in the prostate gland:

• Fibrous prostatitis is characterized by rapid irreversible growth of the gland and requires radical intervention.Clinically, it resembles prostate adenoma.
• Calcific inflammation of the prostate gland occurs due to the formation of stones inside the prostate gland.It is considered a harbinger of cancer.
• Congestive prostatitis, which is the result of a sedentary lifestyle, is diagnosed in every second patient.

Symptoms of the disease

If a man notices at least two of the following symptoms of prostatitis, he should immediately contact a qualified specialist:

• Disruption of urination, causing an unusually short, splashing, difficulty and pain before urinating, with an intermittent, weak stream of urine.The urge to urinate frequently occurs mostly at night.
• Pain localized in the lower abdomen spreads to the scrotum, perineum and rectum.
• Sexual dysfunction.
• Problems with ejaculation, changes in sperm (consistency, quantity).

Complications

In the absence of timely treatment of acute prostatitis, the risk of developing prostate abscess increases significantly.When a purulent focus occurs, the patient's body temperature rises to 39-40 ° C and can be agitated in nature.Periods of fever alternate with severe chills.Sharp pain in the perineum makes urination difficult and defecation impossible.

An increase in the swelling of the prostate gland leads to acute urinary retention.Rarely, an abscess spontaneously reaches the urethra or rectum.When opened, purulent, cloudy urine with an unpleasant, pungent odor appears in the urethra;when opened, the stool contains pus and mucus in the rectum.

Chronic prostatitis is characterized by an undulating course with long periods of remission, during which inflammation in the prostate is hidden or manifests itself with extremely few symptoms.Patients who are not worried about anything often stop treatment and apply only when complications develop.

The spread of infection along the urinary tract causes pyelonephritis and cystitis.The most common complication of the chronic process is inflammation of the testicles and epididymis (epdidymo-orchitis) and inflammation of the seminal glands (vesiculitis).The result of these diseases is often infertility.

Diagnostics

The characteristic clinical picture facilitates the process of diagnosing acute and chronic prostatitis.It is mandatory:

Treatment of prostatitis

Treatment of acute prostatitis

Patients with an uncomplicated acute process are treated by a urologist on an outpatient basis.In case of severe intoxication or suspicion of a purulent process, hospitalization is indicated.Antibacterial therapy is carried out.Medicines are selected taking into account the sensitivity of the infectious agent.Antibiotics that can penetrate and affect the prostate tissue are widely used.

With the development of acute urinary retention due to prostatitis, they resort to the installation of a cystostomy rather than a urethral catheter, because there is a danger of the formation of a prostate abscess.When an abscess develops, endoscopic transrectal or transurethral opening of the abscess is performed.

Treatment of chronic prostatitis

Treatment of chronic prostatitis should be comprehensive, including etiotropic therapy, physiotherapy, correction of immunity:

• Antibiotic therapy.The patient is prescribed long courses of antibacterial drugs (4-8 weeks).Selection of the type and dose of antibacterial drugs, as well as determining the duration of the treatment course, is carried out individually.The drug is selected based on the sensitivity of the microflora, based on the results of the culture of urine and prostate secretions.
• Prostate massage.Gland massage has a complex effect on the affected organ.During the massage, the inflammatory secretion accumulated in the prostate gland is pressed into the channels, then it enters the urethra and is removed from the body.The procedure improves blood circulation in the prostate, which minimizes congestion and ensures better penetration of antibacterial drugs into the tissue of the affected organ.
• Physiotherapy.Laser exposure, ultrasound waves and electromagnetic waves are used to improve blood circulation.If it is not possible to carry out physiotherapeutic procedures, the patient is prescribed warm drug microenemas.

In case of chronic, long-term inflammation, consultation with an immunologist is indicated to choose the tactics of immunocorrective therapy.The patient is given recommendations to change his lifestyle.Making certain changes in the lifestyle of a patient with chronic prostatitis is both a curative and preventive measure.The patient is recommended to normalize sleep and wakefulness, adjust the diet and engage in moderate physical activity.

Treatment of acute prostatitis

Acute prostatitis requires bed rest, a special salt-free diet and sexual abstinence.

Course treatment methods:

• The most effective treatment of prostatitis is etiotropic therapy.If the basis of prostatitis is an infection, a course of antimicrobial agents that eliminate the manifestations of inflammation is a priority.
• Pain syndrome is eliminated with analgesics, antispasmodics, rectal suppositories, microenemas with warm solutions of painkillers.NSAIDs can be used.
• The combination of immunostimulants, immunomodulators, enzymes, vitamin complexes and trace elements has proven its effectiveness.
• Physiotherapy methods are possible only in the subacute stage of the disease.They improve microcirculation and increase immunity: UHF, microwave oven, electrophoresis, laser, magnetic therapy.
• Massage is another effective way to affect the prostate.It opens the channels, normalizes blood circulation in the scrotum and pelvis.
• Acute renal filtrate retention can be corrected by catheterization and trocar cystostomy.
• The purulent process involves surgical intervention.
• Psychologist advice.

Methods of treatment of prostatitis

Antibacterial therapy is most effective in the treatment of prostatitis.Herbal medicines, immunocorrectors and hormonal drugs can also be used as prescribed by the doctor.

If there are no acute symptoms, prostatitis can be treated with physiotherapy.In case of abscess and suppuration, surgical intervention is recommended.

Treatment with drugs

The treatment of prostatitis with antibacterial therapy should start with a bacterial culture, the purpose of which is to assess the sensitivity of the body to this type of antibiotic.If urination is disturbed, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs gives good results.

Medicines are taken in tablets, in acute cases - by drops or intramuscularly.Rectal suppositories are effective for the treatment of chronic forms of prostatitis: with their help, drugs reach their goals faster and have a minimal effect on other organs.

Blood thinners and anti-inflammatory drugs have also proven to be effective.

Antibacterial therapy

Antibiotics are an effective tool in the fight against bacterial prostatitis.In order to achieve the desired effect and not harm the body, the choice of medicine, dosage and treatment regimen should be carried out by a doctor.In order to correctly choose the most effective drugs, he must find out what kind of pathogen causes prostatitis, and also test the patient for tolerance to a certain group of antibiotics.

Antibiotics from the fluoroquinolone group have proven themselves in the treatment of chronic prostatitis.Their action is aimed at preventing bacterial infection and strengthening the body's own immunity.In addition, the bacteriostatic antibiotic trimethoprim is recommended for the prevention and treatment of accompanying diseases of the genitourinary system.

For the treatment of prostatitis caused by mycoplasma and chlamydia, you can additionally take drugs from the group of macrolides and tetracyclines, which slow down the spread of infection.

The duration of taking antibacterial drugs is from 2 to 4 weeks.In case of positive dynamics, the course can be extended.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy methods in the treatment of prostatitis are aimed at activating blood circulation in the pelvis, improving metabolic processes in the prostate gland, and cleaning channels.If physiotherapy is combined with taking antibiotics, the effect of the latter is enhanced.

The main methods include:

• magnetic therapy;
• laser therapy;
• electrophoresis;
• warming up;
• ultrasound;
• mud treatment;
• high frequency radiation;
• physical therapy.

One of the oldest methods, transrectal massage of the prostate gland, according to modern research, has no proven effectiveness.

Non-specific treatments

Non-specific treatments for prostatitis include:

• hirudotherapy;
• therapeutic fasting;
• acupuncture;
• Diet according to the Ostrovsky method;
• Alkalization of the body using the Neumyvakin method.

We strongly recommend that you discuss all non-traditional methods of prostatitis treatment with your doctor.

Surgical treatment

Surgical methods are used in complicated and urgent cases:

• for drainage of purulent abscesses removed by laparoscopic methods through puncture;
• when it is difficult to urinate due to damage to the urinary tract;
• with a large volume of the affected area;
• with a significant number of stones in the body of the gland.

Stones and sclerotic tissues are removed endoscopically.If the affected area is large or there are many stones, resection of the prostate gland is used.

Transurethral resection is also effective in bacterial prostatitis.In this way, the risk of relapse can be reduced.

Folk treatment

Folk remedies for the treatment of prostatitis are unlikely to be effective on their own, but can be used in combination with drugs and physiotherapeutic methods.These include: beekeeping products, decoctions of herbs and seeds, garlic, ginger, beaver flow, fresh vegetables, pumpkin seeds.

In acute cases of the disease, you must consult a doctor and do not self-medicate under any circumstances!If a purulent abscess ruptures, death is possible.

Candles for prostatitis

When treating prostatitis, rectal suppositories are more effective than tablets, if the rectum is closer to the prostate, it means that the medicine acts faster.

The composition of drugs for the treatment of prostatitis can be completely different;they are assigned to solve a specific problem.

1. Antibacterial agents are particularly effective for prostatitis caused by chlamydia.
2. Painkillers are used for symptomatic treatment;they relieve pain well.
3. Immunostimulants help improve blood circulation, remove swelling and are used in complex therapy.
4. Herbal medicines have a mild effect.They are used in addition to the main treatment, like candles on bee products.
5. Ichthyol-based compositions promote blood flow in the region of the intestinal mucosa, which accelerates the weakening of inflammatory processes and slightly improves immunity.
6. Enzyme-based products prevent the formation of scar tissue.It is recommended to take it as part of complex therapy with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and pain relievers.

Auxiliary drugs

For the symptomatic treatment of prostatitis in men, for example, to relieve pain when urinating, in addition, you can take antispasmodics that relax smooth muscles and thereby quickly relieve pain.

Overall health is enhanced with blood thinning and anti-inflammatory dietary supplements based on bee products, pumpkin seed oil and palm fruit extracts.

Diet and lifestyle

A proper, balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle are very important for the treatment of prostatitis.Food should not contain spicy, fried, salty or acidic foods.In severe cases, alcohol is strictly prohibited.

Food should contain enough fiber to prevent constipation.The amount of protein should be reduced.It is recommended to add herbs, ginger and pumpkin seeds to the diet.

Consequences of untreated prostatitis

Even if the symptoms of prostatitis do not appear for a long time, it is necessary to undergo regular examination by a urologist.Completely untreated prostatitis can be accompanied by the formation of calcifications, which will then have to be removed together with the gland.Experts are sure that there are no other methods to remove or dissolve stones.

In addition, pathogenic microorganisms can migrate to neighboring organs, causing inflammation.Advanced prostatitis can lead to the development of adenoma and prostate cancer.

Prognosis and prevention

Acute prostatitis is a disease that tends to become chronic.Even with timely and adequate treatment, chronic prostatitis results in more than half of patients.Recovery is not always achieved, but with the correct consistent therapy and following the doctor's recommendations, it is possible to eliminate unpleasant symptoms and achieve long-term, stable remission in a chronic process.

Prevention consists in eliminating risk factors.It is necessary to avoid hypothermia, to avoid alternating sedentary work with periods of physical activity, and to eat regularly and nutritiously.Laxatives should be used for constipation.One of the preventive measures is the normalization of sexual life, because both excessive sexual activity and abstinence from sexual intercourse are risk factors for the development of prostatitis.If symptoms of a urological or sexually transmitted disease appear, you should immediately consult a doctor.